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Among several renewable energy sources, solar photovoltaic technology has become the most favorite type of electricity generation.

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Abstract— This paper presents a designing and simulation of Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC), which is proposed to be used in the domestic solar photo voltaic (PV) systems. Basic domestic solar power system is consisted of PV arrays, a DC/DC converter and an inverter. To obtain a ripple free stable voltage from PV arrays, a highly efficient DC/DC converter is required. SEPIC converters make it possible to convert a DC voltage to either a lower or higher voltage efficiently and it is also useful for maximum power tracking purposes. In this study, we describe step by step process of designing and simulation of a SEPIC DC/DC converter which can be used in solar PV systems in typical homes. The proposed SEPIC converter’s output is set at 325V DC since, the household utility voltage is around 230V-250V AC. Whereas, the converter’s input voltage can be varied up to 180V DC. A proportional, integral and derivative controller (PID controller) is also employed to the converter to obtain a constant stable output under variable input voltage conditions. The system is designed using MATLAB/Simulink software. Its high efficiency (91%), low ripple factor (1.32%) and the usefulness are proved through simulation results. The efficiency of the proposed converter is determined for the range of applicable input, and its performances are discussed at the end of this paper.

Keywords—SEPIC; Home solar PV; DC/DC converter

I. INTRODUCTION

Among several renewable energy sources, solar photovoltaic technology has become the most favorite type of electricity generation. As a cleaner and safer investment for families and businesses, it can help everyone reducing their electricity bills, enjoying energy independence and help to reduce global emission levels.

Solar panels made up of PV cells which capture sunlight particles or photons. Using a semiconductor material like silicon, the PV cells convert this captured energy into DC electricity. A DC/DC converter is then used to step-up this DC voltage to a required level and then turns this DC electricity into usable AC using an inverter. There are five basic processes of harnessing solar energy for day to day use. Those are,

• Solar Panel

• Combiner

• DC/DC Converter

• DC/AC Inverter

• Utility Switch

A series of PV cells form a PV module and a combination of PV modules form a PV array to generate required power to specified loads. In general, solar PV modules are connected in series to increase the PV output voltage since available PV modules can generate a low DC output voltage in the range of 12V to 75V. Therefore, an appropriate power electronic DC-DC converter is compulsory to convert this low DC output to the required utilization voltage level. Apart from that, the low DC output voltage generated by the PV panel is varying widely with the solar irradiation, the shadowing effects, ambient temperature, mismatches of PV modules, the tidiness of the PV module surface, etc. Moreover, selection of suitable DC-DC converter topology is more important to harness solar energy from solar PV arrays efficiently.

Therefore, there is a crucial need of designing highly efficient DC-DC converter to regulate the low and varying DC output voltage obtained from the PV arrays. The available converters in the market are expensive but their efficiency is low. So, to cater the above needs, this paper presents a designing and simulation of a Single-Ended Primary Inductance Converter (SEPIC) in the MATLAB/Simulink software environment. The SEPIC converter is designed with a PID controller to ensure constant regulated voltage output from solar PV array under variable irradiance levels. Besides, an inverter is also designed and connected after SEPIC converter to convert DC power into AC power which feeds AC voltage to home electrical appliances. Moreover, performance of the converter is analyzed and further improvements to the design are also discussed.

II. RELATED WORKS

Designing of a DC/DC converter for solar PV applications is not intact. Many researchers have already proposed and implemented different types of power electronic converters for this purpose. Few of recent works are mentioned below.

Maglin, J., Ramesh, R. and Vaigundamoorthi, M. proposed a SEPIC converter for solar PV systems in which MPPT algorithm has been used to track the maximum power point from solar array. The nominal duty cycle of the main switch of DC-DC SEPIC converter is adjusted, so that the solar panel output impedance is equal to the input resistance of the DC/DC converter which results better spectral performance in the tracked voltages when compared to conventional PWM control [1]

Bruno G. De Assis and Eduardo P.C Braga have designed and analyzed the performance of SEPIC converter for renewable energy applications. A voltage multiplier is employed at the output of the SEPIC, which was connected in series with the output to achieve high step-up ratio operation with limited duty cycle values. The primary objective of the study was to design an improved converter which is more robust and can maintain constant output.[2]

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