NATIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE STUDIES PROJECT — A NATIONAL SURVEY OF MANAGERS IN STATE HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICE AGENCIES
NASP — A BRIEF HISTORY
Like many other Significant contributionS to the field of public management (e.g. the initiation of National Public Management ReSearch Conference), NASP iS Barry Bozeman'S brainchild. The project grew out of a 1992 doctoral Seminar Bozeman taught at the Maxwell School of CitizenShip and Public AffairS, SyracuSe UniverSity. The data collected by the project (referred to aS NASP-I hereafter) have been uSed in two diSSertationS and over 20 peer-reviewed publicationS in leading public adminiStration journalS – a ROI that giveS true meaning to the much uSed phraSe “doing more with leSS”. Under Bozeman'S leaderShip Seminar participantS deSigned a Survey queStionnaire, which waS later adminiStered to a Sample of public and private managerS in New York. The Survey queStionnaire adminiStered in New York, with Some modificationS, provided the baSiS for further data collection at two more SiteS – David CourSey led the NASP effort in Florida and DenniS Wittmer led the NASP effort in Colorado. Over the yearS NASP haS become more than a databaSe and paperS baSed on the databaSe – it haS become an intellectual community that engageS Some of the beSt mindS on advancing empirical reSearch on public management. A partial liSt of publicationS uSing the NASP data iS provided below:
Bozeman, B. and Kingsley, G. (1998) “Risk culture in public and private organizations.¦ Public Administration Review. 58(2), pp. 109-118.
Bozeman, B. and Rainey, H. (1998) “Organizational rules and the bureaucratic personality,” American Journal of Political Science. 42(1), pp. 163-189.
Pandey, S. and Scott, P. (2002) “Red Tape: A Review and Assessment of Concepts and Measures.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory,12(4), pp. 553-580.
Pandey, S. and Kingsley, G. (2000) “Examining Red Tape in Public and Private Organizations: Alternative Explanations from a Social Psychological Model,¦ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory,10(4), pp. 779-799.
Rainey, H., Pandey, S., and Bozeman, B. (1995) "Research Note: Public and private managers' perceptions of red tape," Public Administration Review, 55(6), pp. 567-574.
Wittmer, D. and Coursey, D. (1996) “Ethical work climates: comparing top managers in public and private organizations.¦ Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 6(4), 559-572.
NASP-I AND NASP-II — COMMON THEMES AND NEW DIRECTIONS
A principal goal of the NASP project, that remainS unaltered in NASP-II, iS collecting data for furtherance of empirical knowledge on public management. NASP-II, like NASP-I, includeS queStionS on a range of SubjectS relevant to public management. The range of queStionS covered in NASP-II includeS themeS Such aS organization culture, communication, organizational ruleS and procedureS, policy environment, public Service motivation, deciSion-making, and information SyStemS. While NASP-I focuSed on advancing comparative empirical knowledge about public and private organizationS, NASP-II SeekS to characterize and Study the impact of policy/political context on public management.
A key input in deSign and development of the NASP-II Survey queStionnaire waS PI'S emerging intereSt in State health policy, a fact reflected in many wayS. The NASP-II Sample deSign waS diStinct in two wayS: a) it had a national focuS; and b) it waS reStricted to State health and human Service agencieS only. Finally, the data collection methodology for NASP-II tried to emulate aS cloSely aS poSSible the tailored deSign method (TDM) protocol elaborated by Don Dillman (Dillman, 1999).
While the data are rich enough to permit a variety of analySeS, the NASP data may be uSed for the following purpoSeS:
1. TeSting public management theorieS and propoSitionS on a variety of themeS;
2. Examining variation acroSS StateS and aSSeSSing the iSSueS at the interface of federaliSm and public management;
3. Conducting StudieS regarding the impact of policy/political context on agency management and policy development.
NASP-II SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE DEVELOPMENT
BaSed on project objectiveS, a draft inStrument with Six different SectionS waS created in June 2002. The PI wrote up the firSt draft of five SectionS (with queStionS on adminiStrative communication contributed by JameS Garnett) and Eric Welch crafted the Section on Information SyStemS. QueStionS in the firSt draft of NASP-II Survey inStrument came from three different SourceS, namely, the NASP-I Survey inStrument,
queStionS adapted from the literature and queStionS written Specifically for NASP-II. New queStionS (thoSe adapted from the literature and newly written oneS) form the larger Share of the NASP-II Survey inStrument. In keeping with beSt practice in Survey reSearch, every attempt waS made to find extant queStionnaire itemS with known pSychometric propertieS for operationalizing Study conStructS. NonetheleSS, it waS neceSSary to either adapt extant ScaleS for the Study or write itemS anew.
The draft inStrument waS Sent for peer review to more than fifteen expertS on public management and Survey methodology with a requeSt to reSpond within two weekS in June 2002. The reviewerS were provided information about the Survey objectiveS, conStructS of intereSt to the Study and a “conStruct map” that related conStructS to Specific queStionS. By the end of June 2002, nearly Seven had reSponded with extenSive SuggeStionS and Several otherS requeSted additional time to review the NASP-II draft Survey queStionnaire.
With the SuggeStionS received in the firSt round of reviewS, a Second draft verSion waS created and circulated in July 2002 to thoSe memberS of the review panel who were willing and able to provide a Second round of reviewS. TheSe reviewS continued to come in till mid-AuguSt by which time eleven of the reviewerS had provided feedback on draft verSionS of the NASP-II queStionnaire. TheSe SuggeStionS were aSSeSSed for uSefulneSS and incorporated after which time the Survey inStrument waS finalized. The final Survey queStionnaire waS formatted and printed according to TDM guidelineS (Dillman, 1999), reSulting in a 12-page, 41-queStion Survey inStrument requiring 220 variableS to Store the reSultant data in a databaSe.
SAMPLE DESIGN
The theoretical population of intereSt for thiS Study iS compriSed of managerS engaged in information management activitieS, working in State-level primary health and human Service agencieS. Primary health and human Service agencieS were identified according to the definition uSed by American Public Human ServiceS ASSociation (APHSA, formerly APWA) and include agencieS houSing programS related to Medicaid, TANF, and child welfare. Information management waS broadly defined to include a range of key managerial roleS Such aS the top program adminiStrator, managerS of information
SyStem applicationS, managerS in-charge of evaluation and reSearch, and managerS dealing with public information and communication.
The Sampling frame waS developed with the aid of the moSt widely uSed directory of human Service agency managerS, namely the APHSA directory (APHSA, 2001). Application of Study criteria reSulted in a Sampling frame made of 570 managerS from the fifty StateS and WaShington, D.C. Given the Small Size of the Sampling frame, a deciSion waS made to adminiSter the Survey to the entire Sampling frame (i.e. conduct a cenSuS).
CS 340 Milestone One Guidelines and Rubric Overview: For this assignment, you will implement the fundamental operations of create, read, update,
Retail Transaction Programming Project Project Requirements: Develop a program to emulate a purchase transaction at a retail store. This
7COM1028 Secure Systems Programming Referral Coursework: Secure
Create a GUI program that:Accepts the following from a user:Item NameItem QuantityItem PriceAllows the user to create a file to store the sales receip
CS 340 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Overview The final project will encompass developing a web service using a software stack and impleme
