Part A- Single best answer, Multiple choice (Questions 1 – 10)
Q -1 Standard errors described by which of the following statements?
o How much a sample mean tends to vary from the population mean
o The amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values
o The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
o When the statistical characteristics of a population are estimated from a subset of that population
Q-2 The precision (or inprecison) of sample values as estimates of the population values’ describes what?
o Sampling error
o Standard deviation
o Confidence interval
o Standard error
Q- 3 When determining sample size, what is statistical power?
o The likelihood that a study will detect an effect when there’s an effect there to be detected
o The likelihood that a result or relationship is caused by something other than random chance
o A quantitivate measure of the strength of a phenomenon
o A range of values which is likely to contain the ‘true’ population parameter of interest
Q-4 Which is of the following is prevalence?
o 5 per cent
o 1000 persons per year
o 1.2 per 1000, per year
o 0.085 person years
Q-5 ‘person time at risk’ is a measure employed in epidemiological studies to:
o Quantify the prevalence of disease
o Quantify the numerator in an incidence rate
o Quantify the denominator in an incidence rate
o Quantify the survival time following diagnosis
Q-6 which of the following is NOT a type of analytical study?
o Randomised control trials
o Case-series study
o Cohort study
o Case-control study
Q- 7 In survival analysis, which is not a type of censoring?
o Intermittent
o One-tailed
o Left
o Right
Q- 8 which of the following describes confidence interval?
o A measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values
o A measure of statistical dispersion equal to the difference between upper and lower quantiles
o The precision (or imprecision) of sample values as estimates of the population values.
o The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
Q-9 which of the following describes the use of a chi-squared test?
o To assess the strength of a relationship between two continuous variables and an estimate of change in one variable change by one unit
o To compare two populations proportions using binary data
o To assess the strength of a relationship between two continuous variables
o To compare the means of two independent groups
Q- 10- in population estimating, which of the following terms describes the phenomenon of the registered population larger than the resident population?
o Unregistered death
o Unregistered births
o List inflation
o Internal migration
Part B- extended multiple matching questions (Questions 11, 12, 13)
Question 11 – identify the epidemiological study design which would be most appropriate to evaluate the following hypothesis
Choose from:
Cluster randomised controlled trial,
Cohort study,
Ecological study,
RCT
Case control study
Case series
5 Questions:
- 1: That exposure to cigarette smoke may be associated with increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
- Answer
- 2: That a new antiplatelet drug is associated with reduced risk of heart attack. Answer:
- 3: That higher consumption of fruit is associated with reduced mortality from ischaemic heart disease. Answer:
4: That school based healthy eating lessons are associated with a lower rate of obesity.
Answer:
5: That exposure to noise pollution is associated with raised blood pressure.
Answer:
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