questions require you to select and run appropriate statistical tests using SPSS and to write a fully detailed commentary explaining all of your reasoning and rationale

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

Statistics Assessment 

General Instructions

These questions require you to select and run appropriate statistical tests using SPSS and to write a fully detailed commentary explaining all of your reasoning and rationale. You must include all appropriate information from the SPSS Output file for each question and EMBED the output WITHIN the commentary at the appropriate place. See 'An Introduction to SPSS Editing' document on WebLearn detailing how to do this and two references (all in Statistics Tutorial Sheets folder).  The written commentary must:

• be word-processed
• only cover the points specified in the questions
• not exceed 2000 words in total 

For each question detail what statistical test(s) were run, showing all relevant output generated and explain why this test(s) is appropriate? Marks will be awarded for (i) selection of correct procedures including those needed to verify test assumptions (ii) correct data entry and execution of tests (iii) overall presentation of the answer so that it contains only relevant material, in a logical order, neatly set out, without repetition. 

For the commentary, marks will be awarded for (i) general presentation and use of English (ii) grasp of statistical theory and concepts (iii) understanding of the SPSS Output.

Mark allocation is as follows: Q1 20%; Q2 25%; Q3 25%; Q4 30%.

Q1 It is thought that a new drug X might affect muscle metabolism. An experiment was performed using 18 men volunteers, 9 of whom were randomly selected to take a pill containing drug X and 9 who were randomly chosen to take a pill that contained placebo. 2 hours later the 18 men underwent arm exercise tests to measure their respiratory exchange ratio (RER) i.e. the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed.  The values obtained for the RER are shown below.

Placebo                 Drug X

105                              96

119                              99

100                              94

97                                89

96                                96

101                              93

94                                88

95                                105

98                                88

What can be deduced by statistical analysis about the effect of drug X on the RER observed in this study?

20 marks

Q2  Dataset Q2_Spring20.xls contains the weights in pounds for an equal number of students studying for 5 different degree courses at a London University, obtained by random sampling. Using statistical analysis what can be said about the weight differences, on average for the five different courses?

25 marks

Q3  Various factors are hypothesised to be associated with the likelihood of receiving surgical treatment in localised, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Data on 970 patients with primary localised NSCLC were collected from the Nebraska Cancer Registry between 2005 and 2009. Some characteristics of the patients, who either had or did not have surgery, are shown in the Table below. 

	No surgery (n=279)	Surgery (n=691)	Total (n=970)
Sex
Male	146	329	475
Female	133	362	495
Age (years)
0-65	28	220	248
65-75	80	278	358
>75	171	193	364
Residency
Rural	146	334	480
Urban	133	357	490
Histologic type
Squamous cell carcinoma	94	192	286
Adenocarcinoma	88	363	451
Large cell carcinoma	10	10	20
Other	87	126	213
Comorbidity count
No comorbidity	32	170	202
1 comorbidity	104	269	373
>=2 comorbidity	143	252	395

 Using statistical analysis investigate whether there is evidence that the occurrence of surgery is related to the sex of patient, their age, place of residence, histologic type of the carcinoma or comorbidity count of the patient.

Discuss your results and any significant association found. For any significant association explain the nature of the association.

 25 marks 

Q4 A study was conducted to investigate whether the length of a baby could be explained by the three explanatory variables:

·  Weight of the baby

·  Height of the mother

·  Height of the father

The file Q4_Spring20.xls details the baby length in inches for 42 babies as well as the baby weight in pounds, the mother’s height in inches and the father’s height in inches.

Using the data contained within this file, determined by statistical analysis which variables have an impact on baby length and the extent of the relationship. marks

Attachments:

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