Chapter 7 Exercises spouse. has four ordered values: always wrong. almost always wrong. sometimes
1. (Dataset: GSS. Variables: abnomore, xmarsex. sex, wtss.) Interested Student has joined Pedantic Pontificator in a discussion of gender differences in U.S. politics.
Interested Student: “On what sorts of issues or opinions are men and women most likely to be at odds? What defines the gender gap. anyway?”
Pedantic Pontificator: “That’s easy. A couple of points seem obvious, to me an way.
First, we know that the conflict over abortion rights is the defining gender issue of our time. Women will be more likely than men to take a strong pro-choice position on this issue.
Second—and pay close attention here—on more mundane cultural questions.
such as the morality of sex outside the confines of marriage, men and women will not differ at all.”
t. Pedantic Pontificator has suggested the following two hypotheses about gender differences in U.S. politics: (check two)
. D In a comparison of individuals, women will be less likely than men to think that abortion should be allowed.
. D In a comparison of individuals, women and men will be equally likely to think that abortion should be allowed.
. D In a comparison of individuals. women will be more likely than men to think that abortion should be allowed.
. D In a comparison of individuals, women will be less likely than men to think that extramarital relations are wrong.
. D In a comparison of individuals, women and men will be equally likely to think that extramarital relations are wrong.
. D In a comparison of individuals, women will be more likely than men to think that extramarital relations are wrong.
2. Open the GSS data (file name: gss.sav). Use the Analyze Descriptive Statistics
Crosstabs procedure (with chi-square statistic option) to produce two cross- tabulations to test Pedantic Pontificator’s hypotheses. The GSS dataset contains
two variables that will sen-e as dependent variables. The variable abnomore. which asks respondents whether an abortion should be allowed if a woman is married but doesn’t want more children. is coded “Yes” and “No.” The variable xmarsex, which measures attitudes toward sex with a person other than one’s wrong. and not wrong at all. The independent variable is sex, coded “Male” or “Female.
. Complete the abnomore—sex cross-tabulation by filling in the missing percentages. chi-squared statistic. P-value, and Cramer’s T’. Be sure to
weight observations using the wtss variable so your results are nationally representative. Sex is a nominal variable, so you should report Cramer’s V.
AbodbnpefndesG. I
ltwomanlsmanLsd I
but doesnt want
mon childnn? J1 Malos F•ms Total
vn ? ? 45.56%
No ? ? 54.45%
100,00% 100.00% 100.00%
cN-squared ?
P.vaL_ic ?
carnees y ?
. Complete the xmarsex—sex cross-tabulation by filling in the missing
percentages. chi-squared statistic. P-value, and Cramer’s V.
lsltwrongtohan
sex w
other( TÏ Total
Aiways wrong ? 75.85%
Almost &ways wrong ? ? 13.07%
Sometimes wrong ? ? 8.80%
Notwrongataa ? ? 2.29%
100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Chì-squarad t
?
carnees y t
3. Based on these results. you may conclude that (check all that apply)
. D a statistically significant gender difference exists on abortion
opinions.
. D Pedantic Pontificator’s hypothesis about the xmarsex—sex
relationship is not supported by the analysis.
. D under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct, the
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